# Writing by Santiago Santa María

> Long-form, source-backed essays on AI, autonomous agents and the science of measuring them. Articles are published in English, Spanish and Portuguese.

## Essays

- [A empresa agêntica precisa de um sistema imunológico](https://articles.santismm.com/a-empresa-agentica-precisa-de-um-sistema-imunologico/): Como projetar agentes de IA capazes de agir sem concentrar toda a confiança: identidade, privilégio mínimo, contenção, supervisão e recuperação. Language: pt-BR.
- [La empresa agéntica necesita un sistema inmunitario](https://articles.santismm.com/la-empresa-agentica-necesita-un-sistema-inmunitario/): Cómo diseñar agentes de IA que puedan actuar sin concentrar toda la confianza: identidad, mínimo privilegio, contención, supervisión y recuperación. Language: es-ES.
- [The agentic enterprise needs an immune system](https://articles.santismm.com/the-agentic-enterprise-needs-an-immune-system/): How to design AI agents that can act without concentrating trust: identity, least privilege, containment, oversight, and recovery. Language: en.
- [El cronómetro y el examen](https://articles.santismm.com/el-cronometro-y-el-examen/): Los benchmarks estáticos no han muerto, pero ya no bastan. Del examen a la agencia: arneses, duración, coste, repetición y valor económico. Language: es-ES.
- [O cronômetro e a prova](https://articles.santismm.com/o-cronometro-e-o-exame/): Benchmarks estáticos não morreram, mas já não bastam. Da prova à agência: harnesses, duração, custo, repetição e valor econômico. Language: pt-BR.
- [The Stopwatch and the Exam](https://articles.santismm.com/the-stopwatch-and-the-exam/): Static AI benchmarks did not die; they stopped being enough. A grounded look at the move from capability to agency, the harness problem, and where to put attention now. Backed by a public catalog of 69 agentic benchmarks. Language: en.
- [Cognitive Architecture and Emergent Phenomena in Advanced AI](https://articles.santismm.com/cognitive-architecture-and-emergent-phenomena/): A synthesis of current mechanistic and behavioral research on how cognitive structures and emergent behavior arise in modern AI systems. Language: en.
- [La arquitectura cognitiva y los fenómenos emergentes de la IA avanzada](https://articles.santismm.com/la-arquitectura-cognitiva/): Una síntesis de la investigación actual sobre la cognición en la IA avanzada, con foco en los LLM: los mecanismos subyacentes y los comportamientos que emergen de ellos. Language: es-ES.
- [The Next Generation of AI: Self-Improvement and Autonomous Learning](https://articles.santismm.com/self-improvement-and-autonomous-learning/): Self-improvement and autonomous learning in AI — and the road to an intelligence explosion. Language: en.
- [La próxima generación de IA: modelos que se perfeccionan solos](https://articles.santismm.com/la-proxima-generacion-de-ia/): Auto-mejora y aprendizaje autónomo en inteligencia artificial, y su potencial para desencadenar una explosión de inteligencia. Implicaciones económicas, técnicas y de gobernanza. Language: es-ES.
- [Vibe Coding en el software empresarial](https://articles.santismm.com/vibe-coding-en-el-software-empresarial/): Un enfoque emergente en el que se crean aplicaciones dando indicaciones en lenguaje natural a herramientas de IA. Estado del arte, riesgos y buenas prácticas para llevarlo a organizaciones reales. Language: es-ES.
- [Vibe Coding in Enterprise Software](https://articles.santismm.com/vibe-coding-in-enterprise-software/): AI-assisted software development in 2025: state of the art, risks and best practices for shipping it in real organizations. Language: en.
- [El auge de la IA agéntica](https://articles.santismm.com/el-auge-de-la-ia-agentica/): La IA agéntica puede decidir y actuar por su cuenta, ejecutando tareas complejas de principio a fin sin instrucciones paso a paso. Por qué se perfila como un pilar de la transformación digital de esta década. Language: es-ES.
- [The Rise of Agentic AI](https://articles.santismm.com/the-rise-of-agentic-ai/): How agentic AI is revolutionizing business strategy — and the shift from do-it-yourself to do-it-for-me software. Language: en.

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## Licence

Content is licensed CC BY 4.0. Attribute Santiago Santa María Morales and cite each article's canonical URL.